No-Flame Heating

Claim & Evidence

Claim: 空熏 (kōngxūn) — no-flame heating: releasing aroma below combustion temperature, achieved today with an electric incense heater, the accessible modern equivalent of 隔火焚香.

Evidence sources:

Source Type Evidence level Accessed
隔火焚香 (Indirect-Fire Incense): Scent, No Smoke traditional Tier 6 — Editorial synthesis 2026-09-20

Attributes

Field Value
Type heating technique (no flame)
Period unverified (modern electric heater; classical principle of 隔火焚香)
Materials resin, wood chips, powder
Equipment electric incense heater (modern equivalent of 隔火焚香)
Smoke level minimal (below combustion)
Related 隔火焚香 (indirect-fire), electric heater

Auto-generated from the LanDeng Open Datasets (single source of truth: datasets/*.json). See Format & Governance for data conventions.